Past, Present and Future Essay Example for Free

Past, Present and Future EssayBefore studying at the University of Phoenix program, I thought that my career is at its peak, I am married, I have three kids and I have a stable capriole for 15 years, nevertheless then I sprightliness something missing. I attributed that void within me to my lack of a degree, and I want to prove to myself and to others that I merit everything I have right now by backing it up with a degree. Education, for me, is a very important part of a persons growth and development. That is why I strive non just to be able to provide my familys basic needs, but to also provide my kids the vanquish education possible. Then it hit me, I had to set myself as an example to my children that, indeed, education is and will alship screwal be important. I had to earn my degree. During the course of my work, I can say that I am competent enough in my analytical skills I can solve basic problems, find solutions, think logically and perform my tasks efficiently. be sides one problem I had is that I was weak at my written and oral communication skills because I have not undergone the meet training to develop them two yes, I was able to apply them all throughout my career, but I was not able to produce formal letter without having to browse through guides that will help me produce my work.Information retrieval was never a problem because I am still young and my memory, although not as sharp as it used to be, is still very much dependable regarding the utilization and collaboration of this data though, I have been able to manage, but I fear that it is not as efficient as I would like to be because I have not yet been able to perfect my skills and tackle formal ways to address issues efficiently. When I nonplused to work, my goal was simple stay in this job so that in the long run, when I start my own family, I can be able to provide them with their basic needs such as a proper home, enough food, and good education.But no one hinders me from dr eaming as time passed I started to change these goals, I want to be better-off, now Im dreaming of gaining a high position someday, be able to pamper my wife and my children luxurious gifts, and basically live the good life. Once again I thought some my lack of education these dreams became the stepping stones which motivated me pursue my education and realize these career goals that I once thought are just dreams.During my stay at the University of Phoenix, the dickens core courses that I enjoyed the most were public relations and international marketing. The course in public relations has helped me a lot with my abilities to interact with people, the proper ways of doing things how to address them, how to project myself in a way that it exhibits confidence and knowledge at the same time these kinds of things. The international marketing course has helped me understand the dos and donts in markets in a global scale, as well as be able to predict trends and fads.Considering that I am in the beverage industry, these courses will pretty much help me as I interact with people, not just the customers but also the higher ups in both the domestic and foreign markets. The other two subjects that got me interested most were Critical Thinking and Human Motivation. In the Critical Thinking course, I was able to perfect my problem solving and =general data processing and it has helped me a lot professionally because of the nature of my work.The cut throat world of industry has become a little easier for me now that I have these skills. The other course, Human Motivation, has helped me with in interacting with people from all walks of life, and I believe that it has been and will be very utile in my future endeavours. Human motivation, as I see it, does not box the people in, rather it helps them get out of the box by propel them, not forcing them. My completion of this degree helps prove one of the most obvious facts in life that life is indeed a never ending jour ney.I will never learn everything there is to know, but this will not stop me from being curious, that is why I have started to crave for learning not just because it will help me develop myself into an educated, motivated individual, but it will also help bring out all that is best within me. For the side by side(p) five years, hopefully I can further pursue higher learning and expand my career by getting a promotion. I feel that I now deserve any type of promotion that I will be able to achieve given that I can already back it up with my degree.If I will come across programs such as seminars, forums, and such discussions about critical thinking and human motivation, then I would gladly undertake it because I feel that there is still much to learn in these subjects. For me, human interaction is a skill that one can be good at but can never master, and I will, as I have always done, continue to work on these skills by interacting with my peers, my customers, and my superiors. The di fference now, though, is that I have formal knowledge on how to tackle situations that I would not have otherwise known if I had not absolute my education.

National football league Essay Example for Free

theme football plump for fusion Essay1 Is my title and introduction enticing? My title and introduction are enticing because it tells how the game of football became one of the greatest sports. 2 Is my thesis effective? Yes my thesis is effective because it details the important timeline of the critical changes to the sport. 3 Have I included large details so the reader can visualize my experience? Readers can visualize my experience through my details. 4 Are the events presented in a tenacious season? All of my events are in logical order. 5 Have I used transitions to help the sequence of events flow smoothly?My transitions help the sequence of my essay flow smoothly with dates. 6 Have I used dialogue (if appropriate)? No 7 Have I used a reproducible orientate of view and verb tense? I have used a consistent point of view and verb tense. 8 Is the point of my narrative evident? The point of my narrative is very(prenominal) clear and concise. 9 Have I ended the story sat isfactorily? I ended my essay satisfactorily. 10 Have I proofread thoroughly? My narrative was proofread thoroughly by me and my roommate. Kelvin Hall Professor Ross HALL 2 ENG 101 30 September 2012 The biography of Football.Before the 19th century, football was just known as a ball game vie on foot now it is a very competitive sport evolved over time to become one of the greatest sports ever played. This game had many versions with different rules according to which team you played. For instance, if you played Yale University their rules would be different than if you played Princeton. The offset printing ever soccer-football game was played utilise the London Football Association rules. These were the rules that most teams followed until a coach from Yale University would write the introductory rules for American football.Walter Camp became known as forefather of football. From 1880-1883, he single handily reconstructed the game of football by restructuring the size of the d ramaturgy, position and verse of the players, and the handling of the ball. He would use rules from both soccer and rugby to format the written rules. The number of players from each team on the field decreased from 15 to eleven. The positions included seven lineman, two halfbacks, one fullback, and one quarterback. Prior to this adjustment there was utter confusion on the field. The size of the field dwindled as well.The players started using formations to line up on the field. He adjusted the scoring system by increasing the value of a touchdown to six points from five points and reducing the field goal to four points from five which today is only three points. Until his death in 1925, he would edit every American football rule book. The first professional football game was played between the Dayton Triangles and the Columbus Panhandles in 1920 under the American Professional Football Conference. It was not HALL 3 until 1922 that it became the National Football League as we know it to be today.It only included eighteen teams then but now has thirty-two. A new football league was formed in 1959 titled the American Football League. In 1962, the AFL filed suit against the NFL accusing them of monopoly and conspiracy. This legal matter went on for over two years beforehand resolution. The championship game between the Baltimore Colts and the New York Giants on December 28, 1958 was considered to be the greatest game ever played according to the NFL. It was the first game to go to sudden death overtime in history with a one yard touchdown run byAlan Ameche.In 1966, both leagues agreed to play an one-year AFL-NFL championship game. The first super bowl which was known as the AFL-NFL championship game was played between the Green Bay Packers and the Kansas City Chiefs in 1967. This game was won by the Green Bay Packers making them the first team in NFL history to win a super bowl which would be won again by them the following year. In 1970, Congress approved th e two leagues merged to form one league with two conferences (National Football Conference and American Football Conference).To date, there are four NFL teams that have never made it to the super bowl and nine teams who have made it but have never won. The NFL has transformed tremendously since 1869. It has produced some of the greatest athletes in the world. The Pro Football Hall of Fame (currently having 273 members) was dedicated in Canton, OH on September 7, 1963. The super bowl is passive the most watched televised program in history. Without Walter Camp and his contributions to the American football game this game might still be considered just a game played on foot.HALL 4 Works Cited Hoffer, Richard. The First Super Bowl. Sports Illustrated 116. 5 (2012) 46-53. SPORT Discus with Full Text. Web. 21 Sept. 2012. HALL 5 Guttmann, A. (2006). Civilized mayhem Origins and early(a) Development of American Football. Sport in Society, 9(4), 533-541. College Football History, Specta cle, Controversy. Coach and Athletic Director 71. 1 (2001) 62-. Pro Quest Research Library. PROQUESTMS. 26 Sep. 2012 Peterson, Robert W. (Pigskin The Early Years of Pro Football. ) Cary, NC, USA Oxford University Press, 1997.

The Main Characteristics Of Pentecostalism Theology Religion Essay

The Main Characteristics Of pentecostalism Theology Religion EssaySince its inception in the first one C, Christianity has been evolving as a brotherly institution, changing its organizational shape, redefining its mission, and creating tender expressions of worship. Since then there has been a vast change in denominations, where some decline and revival has been witnessed through the days.The year 1906 brought brisk recoveries into a variant type of worship in United States of America ( regular army). In USA, Los Angeles newspapers reported as gathering of people of different races and cultures describing them to involve the light and rich, blacks and whites, men and women, young and old in a temple in Azusa way displaying a new form of worship, praying, singing in unknown languages, jump and clapping. Audiences gathered to witness what was happening. This was the biggest revival of the time in USA.2Testimonies, diaries, articles were written by those involved and those who witnessed this great event. This was the beginning of what is called pentecostalism today, the major driving engine of Christianity to its origins, the first light speed.3Although, well-nigh scholars suck in debated whether Pentecostalism had multiple almost simultaneous origins in different countries the same time it originated in North America, there is no doubt that that it is the strongest Christianity today in the third world.4This essay aims to examine its origins and its main three chosen characteristics which are ghostly gifts, personal encounter with deity and the power over demons and Satan.DefinitionsAllan Andersons explanation on Pentecostalism is that it is perceived as a movement of dealrs who affirm to the work of the Holy personality and the exercising of the spiritual gifts as evidenced through speechmaking in tongues with foundation grounded on the emphasis of the acknowledgement of salvation attained through Jesus Christ.5David Martin and Peter Mullen state that calling in tongues consists in the utterance of deep sounds, often in rapid sequences, by persons who seem to be in conditions of varying degrees of dissociation.6Pentecostal is linked with the doctrine of subsequence and sign evidence which originated from USA in the beginning of the twentieth century, referring to the familiarity of the baptism by the Holy Spirit.7Therefore, those devoted to this theology are called Pentecostals.However, a change happened during the 1960s, when some Christians within main-line denominations started to accept the Pentecostalism phenomena as part of the worship realize.8This new form of Pentecostalism became known as the Charismatic Movement. Charismatic describes whatever form or run across of Christianity that emphasises the charismata which means spiritual gifts (such as tongues, prophecy and discernment) listed in for example 1Corinthians 12, as well as a dynamic experience of being baptised or filled with the Holy Spirit.9A highly signifi green goddesst proportion of Christians and churches that have emphasis on this dynamic renewing experience and the operation of gifts of the Holy Spirit are called magnetics. The charismatic movements astray penetrated the traditional historical churches from the 1960s, Protestant and Catholic, Church of England (C of E), Methodist, Baptist or URC churches, or the Roman Catholic Church in what has been nameed the charismatic renewal.10Therefore Renewal describes the expression of this new form of spiritual life within these previously existing historic mainline churches or denominations.The difference between charismatics and Pentecostals is the aspect of the initial evidence comparable signs and wonders as well as the encountering of power which charismatics deny hence agreeing in the tongues. Whereas, Pentecostal look ups the identity maker of tongues as the evidence of the Holy Spirit baptism whilst the Charismatics de none the Holy Spirit gifts, the teachings of pro sperity and spiritual state of war.11Consequently, the word Pentecostal shifted from just refereeing to a particular group of denominations to any denomination whose worship experience includes some sort of Pentecostal phenomenon such as speaking in tongues. Since the rise of the Charismatic movement, traditional Pentecostals are usually referred to as Classical Pentecostals. The term Classical Pentecostal refers to a person or organization which believes that the baptism in the Holy Spirit is a second work of grace subsequent to conversion, and that the initial physical evidence of this experience is speaking in other tongue that is the languages unknown to the speaker.12OriginsDuring the centuries from the Early Churchs time about 1500 plus years to the 20th century there were Christians traditions which influenced the formation of Pentecostalism such as the Reformation tradition, specifically the Anabaptist and Arminians, the Holiness and Evangelical Movements.13The historical s urvey of the development of Classical Pentecostalism will cover the years from 1738 John Wesleys Aldersgate experience time when he emphasised the Holy Spirit in His teachings.14The advancement of Pentecostalism can be dated back to a January the initiative 1901, a charismatic revival at Bethel Bible School in Topeka, Kansas USA. As Charles Parham, a former Methodist ministers students had questions about the evidence of baptisms with the Holy Spirit after his Spirit baptism teaching, following the Book of Acts. There was an experience of this baptism following a fervent prayer with students resulting in the experience of speaking in tongues.15The excitement of the students following Charles Parham teachings brought an amazing Pentecostal experience as of the Apostles in the Book of Acts. Cox stated that Pentecostalism rose among a group of people who were waiting for it.16Charles Parhams teachings exposed the doors to what was later called Pentecostalism. Robert Gromacki called Charles Parham Father of the Pentecostal movement.17From Parhams bible school, the movement became the worldwide movement following the Azusa Street revival mentioned above. This was through a black African American p urinateer called William Joseph Seymour who was likewise a student at Parham School who longed for the Spirit baptism and witnessed the first experience of speaking in tongues. His meeting with Parham had a big daze in William Seymours belief about the Holy Spirit baptism.18He contributed to the spread of Pentecostalism he did not just believe but took the message further.Cecil M. Robeck gives the brief place setting of the journey William Seymour took to promote what is today called Pentecostalism. In his account he mentioned that William Seymour was invited to Los Angeles to be in charge of one ministry. After preaching about the baptism of the Holy Spirit, he was denied the position to pastor that congregation. He ended up living with black friends Edward and Mat tie Lee who sympathised with him where he conducted prayer meetings in their house. This was the beginning of the great movement as they started to pray together and later invited other people to join them. The number increased and they moved to a bigger house. It was in the house of Richard at condolence Asberry on the 9th of April 1906 as they were studying the bible that they experienced the power of the Holy Spirit. In this meeting, an eight-year-old black boy began to speak in tongues and soon crowds were attracted to the house. After this experience the house could not accommodate the growing large numbers of people who were coming to join in prayers and worship. They had to move to Azusa Street, were the greatest revival took place. Then Azusa Street became the house for the world Pentecostal movement.19Therefore the Azusa story is exceptional when the roots of Pentecostalism are discussed. Cecil M. Robeck labelled the Azusa Street Revival in Los Angeles the birth place of Pentecostal movement.20Harvey Cox acknowledging the root of Pentecostalisms origin to be understood with reference William Joseph Seymour.21From Azusa Street, Pentecostalism spread to the other parts of the world by members who experienced the Pentecostal revival and organise Pentecostal Churches.22Congregations spread around USA extending to Africa through missionaries that went preach this Pentecostal experience to other parts of the world By archaean 1907 entered Mexico, Canada, Western Europe, the pump East, West Africa and several countries in Asia, spreading to Northern Russia, Southern Africa and Eastern and Central Europe. The Apostolic Faith Mission was the first Movement that Mr Seymour established consisting of different denominations with one agenda of Faith.23In 1914 was the first official statement of the Classical Pentecostal doctrine of the baptism in the Holy Spirit by the Assemblies of God in the United States.They are hundreds of Pentecostal denominations and fast growing over the move forty years, David Martin, sociologist who has done a lot of work on the estimates of Pentecostalism has reported it to be the largest global shift in the religious marketplace. He quoted a total number of Pentecostals and charismatics worldwide to at least a least a take out of a billion by 2002.24This has expanded to the West reaching other countries such as India, China and Chile.25They are here main groups of Pentecostalism identified with their peculiar beliefs though some aspects might be similar. One of the group is identify by their belief in the work of the Holy Spirit, speaking, in tongues, baptism with the Holy Spirit, the deeds of grace, salvation and sanctification as continuous in their gets the other group beliefs entire sanctification over and above some aspects of the above group, called then Wesleyan Holiness last but not least excludes themselves in the belief of the Trinity aspect of God, called oneness Pentecostals.26Main characte risticsSpiritual giftsThe birth of the Pentecostal movement in the early twentieth century was evidenced by followers of Christ exhibiting the gifts of the Holy Spirit often referred to as the supernatural gifts. It got its roots from the Early Church with joyous phenomena gifts of the Holy Spirit.27The experiencing of the Holy Spirit baptism resulting in speaking in tongues in Topeka, Kansas sprang up the twentieth century Pentecostal Movement in 1901. Dayton asserts that the eighteen century American revivalism, Holiness Movement played a part in its origins.28Charles Parham believed there was more on the entire sanctifications, the teachings of the Wesleyans, in his views. Therefore he bestowed sanctification and charismatic power as both part of the second blessing. His views were more extreme than many in the Holiness Movement. The teachings on investigations for signs of sanctification led to questions if this was related to the baptism of the Holy Spirit. As the students wer e determined for the outward evidence signs of the baptism, speaking in tongues was the first sign of the spiritual giftsTo have a good understanding of what is meant by spiritual gifts, I would consider two definitions which defines spiritual gifts as divinely given capacities to perform useful functions for God29Similarly Deffinbaugh defines spiritual gifts as the God-given capacity of every Christian to carry out his function in the body of Christ.30The se definitions adequately purvey the Pentecostalism understanding of Spiritual gifts.These spiritual gifts are believed to have originated at Pentecost as explained in the Book of Acts. Over the period of three years after the Azusa Street revival which sparkled the Pentecostal Movement, Seymour saw the restoration not just of speaking in tongues but all gifts of the Holy Spirit.31These are spiritual gifts listed in 1 Corinthians 127-11. These gifts can be speaking in tongues, interpreting tongues, prophesying and ameliorate powe r.32According to LukeWhen the day of Pentecost had come, they were all together in one place. And suddenly from heaven there came a sound like the rush of a unfounded wind, and it filled the entire house where they were sitting. Divided tongues, as of fire, appeared among them, and a tongue rested on each of them. All of them were filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in other languages, as the Spirit gave them ability (Acts 2 1-4 NRSV).This was a physical evidence of being baptised by the Holy Spirit as they converted and believed in Jesus Christ.Kenneth Boa describes the gift of tongues as the supernatural ability of a believer to speak in an unlearned language by the speaker enabled by the Lord.33This can be interpreted by someone who receives the gift of interpretation of tongues. This is interpretation into the language of the body in which the message is delivered not a strict translation, but an interpretation of the essential content of the tongues message.34Critiq ues of tongues Thomas Aquinas believed to have been of the Apostles only in the early church to enable them to reach all nations as commissioned but presently it as to be done through language study.35There are also those with the gift of better gifted to heal the sick. The variety of the gifts can be divided into different sickness, for example some specific gifts are to heal cancer or emotions, noetic illness and many more sicknesses.36Personal encounter with GodAccess to God matters most to Pentecostals, life controlled by the Holy Spirit. They stress effectiveness the experience of God. What matters most is the felt power of the Spirit in the world, in the church, and in ones own life. Their faith is experiential, living faith in the living God who can miraculously, substantially intervene in the world.37For Pentecostals, from history they understood the as direct and immediate and self-authenticating.38This is explained in simple terms that Pentecostals understanding of the baptism of the spirit grants the authority by virtue of the individual experience of this powerful encounter with God. Therefore, their belief is that though the Holy Spirit they have a personal encounter the authentic and lucid experience of God.Power over demons and SatanPentecostals stress the empowerment and the felt power of the Holy Spirit in the world. Their focus and faith is in God who miraculously substantially intervenes in the world. For example, Martin discusses how Pentecostalism unites its belief with the social inspiration and the experience of the Spirit.39That is the understanding of the power of the Holy Spirit over any social powers that could be powers of phantasma. In short, it is a consideration of two different factors, external (demonic forces) and internal factors (Holy Spirit). These make Pentecostals feel part of the community, as they distinguishes the God and Satan, devil and divine, sickness and health. They believe they have power over demons, throu gh the Holy Spirit, that they can obtain through prayer. That is power over sin, spiritual blindness, social oppression, and Sickness. They refer this as their spiritual weapons. One of the most factors which contributed to the Growth of Pentecostalism is their belief in bringing from evil spirits. Anderson, for example, points out that the main attraction of Pentecostalism is still the emphasis on healing and deliverance from evil.40Their Theology extends to the apocalyptic belief of the coming of the Kingdom which includes the element of the final victory over Satan and death, which is a spiritual warfare.41The term spiritual warfare is referred to evil spiritual forces such as demons including Satan as mythological realities. Thus, the baptism of the Spirit enables the believers to conquer the spiritual battle and overcome the enemy. As Apostle Paul states, we live as human beings, but we do not wage war according to human standards for the weapons of our warfare are not merely human, but they have divine power to destroy strongholds (2 Corinthians 10 3-4 NRSV). This is the belief that the Pentecostals have dependence on the Holy Spirit for power to enable them to fight the devil and any principalities of darkness. That is demonic attacks and possessions, physical and emotional sickness, evil spirits and so on.These chooses are biblically based as Pentecostal believes in the true Word of God. Martin and Mullen clarified that for Pentecostal the supreme authority is the Bible, the inspired, infallible and inerrant Word of God to which all else must be subject.42Just to mention few examples of bible passages to support these claim of their belief 1 John 38 which states that the Son of God was revealed for this purpose, to destroy the works of the devil (NRSV), He has rescued us from the power of darkness and transferred us into the kingdom of his beloved Son (Colossians 113 NRSV) and Jesussummoned his twelve disciples and gave them authority over unclean s pirits, to cast them out, and to cure every infirmity and every sickness (Matthew 101 NRSV) and many more. Therefore Pentecostals take the word of God seriously and base their belief on what it says.ConclusionIn conclusion, the essay has examined the origins of Pentecostalism. It has looked at its roots from early church, through the Holiness movements with the teachings of doctrine of sanctification. The teaching about the Holy Spirit and the actual experiencing of its baptism contributed to how Pentecostalism spread to other places. It has also touched on the explanation of charismatic its difference with Pentecostalism. Last but not least, three characteristics of Pentecostalism have been discussed though this is not the exhaustive least, however referable to the limitation of the essay, only three were discussed. We have discovered with reaches that Pentecostalism is a growing movement. It has contributed to the inclining of Christianity as it was declining in many parts of th e world. Their emphasis being the baptism by the Holy Spirit and spiritual gifts that can be received to believers by Gods will.

Reflection On Formative Assessment Education Essay

Reflection On Formative Assessment Education EssayFor my reflection on aiming I am going to discuss make-up subsidization 01. I feel that I did a pretty good job with writing assignment 01, however, on that points always room for improvement. The easiest part of the assignment was of arrive at the triune natural selection questions which I answered using mostly the usual noesis that I fuck off a bun in the oven pull together over past few years of translateing Business Management the second part of the assignment was to write a literature re shot which was a more(prenominal) challenging task to accomplish. Academic writing is not an easy task and often takes years to master fully. So at this stage, I wanted to be well on my way to fit a better writer and a looker.I believe that I have improved on some(prenominal) my pedantic writing and organizational skills. After going through week 4s suffice, I had set goals for myself to become better at organizing instruction , such as sourcing literature and writing about the information. I had hoped to have a better go steadying of what a literature review is in drift to incorporate this knowledge into my paper, as well as improve on my own ideas, and I feel like I have d matchless that. correspond to Badenhorst (2010, p. 16) Writing is bills in academia. It doesnt matter how many ideas we have. If we screwt transform those ideas into or sothing material, we have nothing worth trading. Therefore, I had also wanted to be cle ber when coming up with ideas in a concise, logical and integrated manner so that the person reading could easily follow my argument and understand what I am trying to say. And erstwhile again, I feel that I have d one(a) just that too.The general feedback that I got on my first assignment was electropositive. rough of suggestions that I had received from you were, real number good review. Evidence that the literature was studied and integrated in to the review. You shou ld review the APA style referencing. As you cited some of the references wrong in the text. Always cite correctly. So I went back to revise the document that was given to us in the beginning of this module, namely, An Abridged Guide to the APA Referencing Style. I have learned that when citing a restate within the text of an assignment, the surname of the author followed by a comma and the year of publication should be given wholly or partly in round brackets. If referencing a direct quote a comma and page number after the year should be added. I am now more comfortable with using the APA style referencing and hopefully wont be repeating the same silly mistakes I made in this assignment.ReferencesBadenhorst, C. (2010). Productive writing becoming a prolific academic writer. Pretoria Van Schaik Publishers.Reflection on learning in Assignment 02I believe assignment 02 was a real chance for me to test my knowledge and ability to reach the outcomes of the module. I say this because of the nature of this assignment. In general I used to perceive multiple choice types of questions as an opportunity to gain easy extra marks. However, few questions in, I soon realized that assignment 02 was one of the most challenging assignments that I had to fill out this year. That is why I was relieved and pleasantly surprised upon the release of the final marks. According to the results, I have gotten 42 correct and 8 incorrect answers. tone back on the assignment 02, I feel as though I was well-equipped in the majority of the questions in the assignment, especially on answering the questions relating to valued and qualitative designs, due to thoroughly going through the form in Week 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10.I feel like my weak point in the multiple choice assignment was that I may have fallen for the distracters. The reason why I have gotten some of the questions wrong is because I struggled in interpreting the idea of the text and choosing one correct answer. Also, most of the q uestions that I got incorrect had to do with either sampling or information collection. After this assignment I have learned the importance to have a good understanding of measurement process, like levels of measurement, reliability and validity. Researchers need to understand the values they truss to the information they collect. I believe that the tools I learned in this module have made me develop as a researcher and better prep ared me for the future.2.2 Weekly self-evaluationsInclude the two qualitative questions as self-reflections here for any three weeks of your choice. In addition to including the content that you provided during the specific weeks, also add a further reflection on how you feel about your answers at this point in time, now that you look back at these reflectionsNrWeekSelf-reflections1A2 string how you are finding this section of the module and the way in which it was reached.What did you like and what helped you to understand the material? On the other (a) hand were there things that you did not understand properly in the way they were presented. How do you think we can improve our first appearance and activities around this part of the work for this module?1B22A4 ground on this weeks chapter, which content did you find easy to understand? What helped you to understand the material?What sections did you not understand properly? How do you think we can improve our presentation and activities around this part of the work for this module? In one or two paragraphs, explain the extent to which you are comfortable with your knowledge and understanding of the content of this introductory chapter2B43A7In one or two paragraphs, tell us how challenging you found the content of this weeks work?Are you get by with the workload each week? What are you doing to help reach the targeted learning goals each week?3B72.3 Reflection on the value of researchAs an honours student, an employee or employer in an organization, or a citizen of a country, you must make many decisions every day. Good, informed decisions require knowledge. What are the sources of our knowledge? Some of it is acquired through formal education in honours and masters programs in social work, or from at run awaying on-going education programs. It may come from reading articles in professional person journals, textbooks, or through online searches. It may also come from senior level experts who have been successful social workers for many years. Factually, much of the knowledge derived from these sources has one characteristic in common it is all derived from doing good research (Bryman Bell 2007, p.4).Conducting research is the most reliable method of acquiring new knowledge about business and learning. Alternative ways of knowing such as common sense, intuition, authority and tradition, have proven less useful for advancing our understanding of the mazy process of learning (Mallick 1999, p.5). In the last 40 to 50 years, the value of research has atta ined a great deal of respectability amongst educators, politicians, business people, and other who often turn to researchers in the quest for reliable and valid information for making decisions (Mallick 1999, p.3).By teaching students the best ways to conduct research, they leave behind be equipped to acquire the knowledge needed for making good, informed decisions in whatever social system level they may become employees or all the same potential employers. However, understanding how research should be conducted has a second benefit as it allows social workers or citizens of the country to critically and knowledgeably evaluate the research methods of others (e.g. leaders, politicians) and, thus, measure the credibility of the findings and recommendations that they generate.ReferencesBryman, A., Bell, E. (2007). Business Research Methods, Oxford University Press, New YorkMallick, K. (1999). Researching Education Perspectives and Techniques, Routledge, London1.0 IntroductionNowada ys, almost all curricula in the social studies contain at least one fertilise in statistics. So given the importance of this discipline as a basic knowledge to understand the modern world, it is necessary to do some form of a research on the students pose to statistics, as this could be an obstacle or an advantage in their learning process. From school, to home, to the workplace, statistics have become a part of our everyday life. In many circles, computer knowledge and competence in statistics is perceived as essential skills.In the beginning of their studies, many of the students are still not fully aware that they are need to study research methodology and statistics as an entire module in bless to virtuoso(a) their degree. The emphasis placed on statistics and research related skills without a doubt virtually always surprise them. Some of the students even develop a phobic neurosis or an anxiousness towards this academic subject that they tend to feel nervous and uncomfor table when they are required to deal with statistics and research related problems.In order to get a thorough understanding about Unisas students military strength towards research methods and statistics, this research pull up stakes aim at investigating the factors influencing their attitude, by looking at anxiety, self-efficacy they put into studying statistics as well as their academic achievement.2.0 Literature reviewIn order to understand the implications of this research, an explanation of the key variables found in the literature review must first be discussed.2.1 Students attitudes toward statisticsThe readiness of students to start cables in statistics can, apart from mathematical and intellectual ability, also be viewed in impairment of emotional and attitudinal factors (Coetzee 2010, p.1). Attitude toward statistics can be defined as a combination of a students attitude toward the use of statistics in their field of study and the students attitudes towards the statist ics course (Coetzee 2010, p.1). Although some students show a positive attitude toward statistics, evidence reveals that unfavourable responses far outweigh any favourable responses (Coetzee 2011, p1). Perepiczka et al. (2011) has reported that students often enter statistics courses with shun views or later develop negative feelings regarding the subject matter of statistics (p.100).According to Perepiczka et al. (2011), statistics courses are regarded by most students as an obstacle to obtaining their degree. These same students often go taking their statistic courses until they cannot postpone it further. Researchers also found that students negative attitudes toward statistics is an influencing factor in low student performance in statistics courses (Perepiczka et al., 2011, p.101).2.2 Statistics AnxietyIn this study statistics anxiety is one of the three factors that influence students attitude towards statistics. Researchers documented a large amount of information on statis tics anxiety over the years. For example, there are multiple definitions of statistics anxiety available in the literature. Elliot and Dweck (2005) defined statistics anxiety as the feeling of anxiety encountered when taking a statistics course or doing statistical analysis (p.243). According to Onwuegbuzie, DaRos, and Ryan (1997) statistics anxiety refers to the apprehension that occurs as a result of encountering statistics in any form at any level (p.28).The existing literature also identifies accompaniment specific nature of statistics anxiety, ranging in intensity from mild to severe. While the mild form of statistics anxiety may induce only minor discomfort, severe forms can result in nervousness, panic and worry (Alauddin Butler, 2004, p.202). According to Onwuegbuzie (2000), majority of have students in the social sciences appeared to experience high levels of statistics anxiety, and it was found to be higher among young-bearing(prenominal) graduate students in compariso n to their male colleagues. Statistics anxiety may be a critical factor in influencing and attaining a students academic and professional goals.Baloglu (2003) place three categories of variables, situational, dispositional, and environmental, that are related to statistics anxiety (p.856). Situational experiences are factors that surround the student, which complicates previous statistics experiences.Dispositional experiences are intrapersonal factors that include psychological and emotional characteristics made up of issues such as perfectionism and perception of abilities at developmental stages in life (Baloglu, 2003, p.856). Environmental experiences are interpersonal factors related to the classroom experience (Onwuegbuzie Daly, 1999), which can include the students experiences with the professor.2.3 Self-Efficacy to Learn StatisticsPerepiczka et al. (2011) defines general self-efficacy as ones judgments of his or her capabilities to organize and carry out courses of action required to attain specific types of performances. In other words self-efficacy to learn statistics is a persons faith in his or her ability to successfully learn statistical skills necessary in a statistics course. Perepiczka stated that self-efficacy beliefs are manifested from four primary sources, which include the future(a) personal accomplishments, vicarious learning experiences, verbal persuasion, and emotional arousal. These primary sources lay the foundation for building the concept of self-efficacy to learn statistics.There is a lot of information available on self-ability or self-efficacy related to academic achievement (Balogu, 2003, p.858). However, little is known specifically about self-efficacy to learn statistics. Perepiczka (2011) investigated whether self-efficacy to learn statistics is related to performance in a statistics course and whether self-efficacy to learn statistics increased during a 12-week introductory statistics course. One hundred and three stude nts from a large university partook in the survey. Perepiczka (2011) stated that there was a positive relationship in the midst of statistics self-efficacy and academic achievement as well as an increase in self-efficacy to learn statistics over the duration of the course.2.4 Relationship between Attitude and Academic AchievementThere are indeed numerous researches conducted on testing the relationship between attitude and academic achievement. Based on the previous literature, there is a general agreement that attitude could be regarded as a significant determinant of ones academic achievement. Most of these researches illustrated the more positive ones attitude towards an academic subject, the higher the possibility for him/her to perform well academically (Lilian, 2012, p. 156). The same applies vice-versa, students that previously have been performing well in mathematics field, chiefly have a more positive attitude towards statistics.In a research conducted in the U.S, the aca demics studied the relationship between students attitudes and academic achievement in college mathematics by inviting 218 freshmen to complete a set of questionnaire. The result indicated that students attitudes were highly correlated with their achievement in college calculus (Lilian, 2012, p. 156). In another longitudinal study also conducted in the U.S., the researchers assessed the relationship between attitude towards mathematics and achievement in mathematics. It was found that attitude had a powerful influence on students academic achievement (Lilian, 2012, p. 156).3.0 Problem statementStatistics at a tertiary level is often a daunting task facing students undertaking these courses. This attitude amongst students have been shown to directly influence their motivation to study, achievement in statistic modules, and overall enrolment in statistics courses that are not compulsory, especially in the final year of undergraduate degrees and postgraduate years of study.Students att itude towards statistics is essentially either positive or negative, but remains a multifactorial issue. The most common factors that are assessed are preconceptions about statistics, environmental factors (e.g. age, gender, etc.), previous mathematical experience, mathematical aptitude, beliefs, interests, the number of years elapsed since students last statistics course etc.Students with a negative attitude tend to focus only on the method of assessment which only serves to increase their test anxiety.Since students attitudes toward examinations and other non-cognitive factors can affect their performance levels in statistics courses (Onwuegbuzie, 2000), Students also view some forms of assessment as more anxiety inducing than others, thus affecting their performance in the assessments. A programme of assessment also should include path for determining students impressions of the relevance and fairness of the assessment process (Onwuegbuzie, 2000) to determine what can be done to reduce assessment anxiety.Students with positive attitudes towards statistics tend to have a higher performance in statistics courses than students with negative attitudes. With this in mind, it would be an excellent idea for lecturers teaching statistical courses to promote a positive attitude towards statistics, not only as a professional tool, but also a something that can be used every day as a central skill. It might also be plausible that the first goal in teaching statistics should be to reduce the fear of statistics before introducing the course work (Coetzee 2010, p.2).4.0 Objectives of the researchThis study primarily has two main objectives. First, the current research intends to test whether attitude is significantly related to anxiety and self-efficacy. Second, the study aims to test whether attitude serves as a mediated factor between anxiety, self-efficacy and academic achievement.From the specified research objectives, the following research questions are derivedWha t is the graduate student attitude toward statistics?What is the graduate student self-efficacy level?What is the graduate student statistics anxiety?What is the graduate student level of academic achievement?Does attitude play a map in affecting students academic effort?Does self-efficacy play a role in affecting students academic attitude?Does students academic attitude play a role in affecting their academic achievement?Does attitude play a mediating role between anxiety, self-efficacy and academic achievement?What is the extent of the relationship, if any, between graduate students self-efficacy to learn statistics and statistics anxiety and the attitude towards statistics?5.0 Method of investigation5.1 Research designIn the current research, quantitative research method go forth be implemented. Concerning the primary data collection method, self-completed questionnaire will be used because it is comparatively timesaving and has the benefit of collecting responses from a large group of subjects with a relatively low cost.5.2 SamplingStudents of both the genders will constitute the population of this study. The study population will consist of all honours students registered for a course in research methodology at a distance education institution in 2012 (N = 2340).The primary reason for targeting students registered for this subject is due to the fact that all of them have almost completed the research methods and statistics course hence it will be easier for them to answer the survey questions.Concerning the sampling method, convenience sampling and snowball sampling will be used in the process of selecting samples from the target population. Regarding convenience sampling, it is a sampling method in which samples are selected on the basis of easy availability. Since I as the researcher am also an honours student at a distance education institution I can easily approach students studying the same course via online forums, email, etc. After distributing the questionnaires to those students that i personally will come in touch with, I will then invite the respondents to further recruit or encourage the subjects from among their acquaintances to fill out the questionnaire to boost participation, and this is known as the snowball sampling.5.3 data collection Ethical considerationsAn introductory letter explaining the purpose of the study will go with each questionnaire. The participants will also be assured in the letter about the confidentiality and the non-disclosure of information that they will provide. Additionally, respondents will not be required to provide sensitive or detailed personal information, like their full name. Instead, respondents will only need to indicate their gender, race, major and year of study. In order to further guarantee anonymity, and so there is no way for a researcher to identify which questionnaire belongs to which respondent, further measures will be implemented. Participants will not be required to hand in the questionnaire to the researcher directly but to put the completed questionnaires in a collection pile.The questionnaires will be made up of some open and closed questions as well as some multiple choice questions. Also, a meeting with the respondents will be arranged at the selected Unisa venue. At this session the objective of the study will briefly be explained and any questions that the respondents might have will be answered. The respondents will then be encouraged to complete the questionnaire during the meeting. If a participant requests a removal from the study at any time, he or she will be removed immediately.5.4 Data analysisAs one of the main aims of this research is to establish weather a relationship exists between students attitude towards statistics with respect to statistics anxiety, self-efficacy as well as academic performance, correlational analyses will be conducted. Correlational studies are those in which an attempt is made to relate two or more va riables to each other. However, there is a caution by researchers that a correlation between variables does not necessarily allow us to claim that the values of one variable cause changes in the values of another variable (Linden, 1982, p.17). A simple linear regression analysis will be computed in order to determine which variables predicted students attitudes towards statistics. In this analysis, a single variable depends on or is influenced by one or more variables (Linden, 1982, p.17).In analysing the relationship between the variables, reliability test will be conducted to estimate the reliability of the scales adopted in the current study. Descriptive statistics will be used to show the demographic characteristics of the respondents. And finally, the multiple regression analyses will be used to estimate the prediction power of statistics anxiety and self-efficacy on attitude and the prediction power of attitude, self-efficacy, and statistics anxiety on academic achievement.6.0 ConclusionThe present research further supports that there is a direct relationship between attitude, anxiety, and self-efficacy and academic achievement as suggested in past literature. It is detected that attitude has a direct effect on academic achievement while self-efficacy also has a direct effect on academic achievement.Researching predictors of graduate students statistical self-efficacy beliefs is substantial to identifying possible barriers to professional growth and development. Exploring how statistical self-efficacy beliefs relate to predicting future academic expectations, performance, effort, persistence, and course selection also is important to explore as a means of promoting professional development (Perepiczka et al., 2011, p.106).Teaching graduate students how to reduce their anxiety and improve their attitude will likely enhance their value of statistics and further encourage their professional development in the profession that requires work with statistics.

Distress and Quality of Life of Type 2 Diabetic Patients

hurt and timberland of Life of Type 2 Diabetic PatientsThe present study measured the trouble and Quality of bread and butter of type II diabetic patients-of the two groups, group 1 and Group 2. It also assessed the correlation coefficient surrounded by Distress and Quality of life and their subdivisions such as, the correlation between Distress, emotional distress, medico distress, regimen distress, interpersonal distress Quality of life, energy and mobility, diabetes control, anxiety and worry, sexual functioning and social burdens exploitation Pearsons correlation. This study also measured the difference in Distress and Quality of Life between group 1 and group 2.The first intention of the present study was to measure the Distress and Quality of life in type II Diabetic patients. This was done by using two scales, Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS17) and Diabetes 39 (D39). The frequencies and normal dispersal of Distress among group 1 and group 2 shown in Figure 1 portray that t here is full(prenominal) Distress among the participants in group 1 than in group 2 where graduate(prenominal) score indicate high Distress. Similar findings were form in a study done by Fisher, Skaff, Mullan, Arean, Glasgow Masharani (2008), an increase in distress upto 60% was present over a period of time. In Figure 2, the frequencies and normal distribution of Quality of life of group 1 and group 2 were shown which portrays that group 2 has high Quality of Life than group 1, where low score represents high Quality of life.The second objective was to find if there exists a correlation between Distress and Quality of Life. Research review shows that there was a meaning(a) relationship between Distress Quality of life (Wu, Huang, Liang, Wang, Lee Tung, 2011). Owing to the scoring pattern, the present study showed resembling results with a positive correlation between the scores of Distress and Quality of life i.e., higher(prenominal) score of Distress and high score of Qua lity of Life. However, it is to be interpreted as a shun relationship between distress and quality of life as is implied by their scoring pattern, where higher scores in distress represents higher distress whereas higher scores in quality of life represents lower Quality of life. Thus, it may be interpreted that higher the Distress, lower the Quality of Life and there was a relation established between higher Distress and Lower Quality of life.The third objective of the study was to find the difference between group 1 and group 2 of Distress and Quality of life, to find the difference between participants practicing faith based yoga as a praising intervention aside from the allopathy medications and participants expert using the medication. There were many previous studies showing, certain management techniques accommodate a great impact on controlling the blood sugar levels (Singh, Tandon Sharma, 2005). It was assemble that the Distress among group 1 was high compared to grou p 2. Same trend was demonstrated in all the dimensions of Distress such as emotional distress, physician distress, regimen distress and interpersonal distress. similar finding were reported by Sharma, Sen, Singh, Bharadwaj, Kochupillai Singh (2003), where type II Diabetic patients practicing sudarshana kriya were found to be experiencing low level of stress. though both the groups differed signifi offertly in all the dimensions of distress, the difference between the groups was higher in the emotional distress dimension. As indicated by the earlier studies such as those by Snoek Polonsky (2000) Rock (2003) Pouwer (2009) that individuals diagnosed with Diabetes have emotional disturbances due to various reasons such as medication, frequent visits to hospital, comorbid conditions of Diabetes etc. Going by the dimensions of Distress, high Distress was found to be in the dimensions of Emotional Distress, followed by regimen distress, physician distress and interpersonal distress in gr oup 1.As there was a correlation seen between Distress and Quality of life, the same was reflected in the results where group 2 had better Quality of life than group 1, where high score represents low Quality of life. Going by the dimensions, group 2 had higher Quality of life in the dimensions of energy and mobility, social burdens, diabetes control, sexual functioning and anxiety and worry. This is in concurrence to the previous finding which state that there was an improvement in the Quality of life in people diagnosed with type II Diabetes who were practicing yogic breathing techniques, sudarshana kriya and pranayama (Jyothsna, Joshi, Ambedkar, Kumar, Dhawan Sreenivas, 2012).The complimentary management technique use not only gives the patients physical relaxation but it also gives them the psychological relaxation. Hence, they might act upon the lowering of Distress and higher Quality of Life of the patient. This complimentary technique gives physical, psychological as well a s social outcomes. Physical outcomes are described by medical writings in multiple ways. Psychological outcomes are seen in terms of relaxation and as seen in the outcomes of lowered distress and enhanced quality of life. Togetherness with people with similar diagnosis doing an effort to manage the disease condition might contribute to the social angle. Thus, the complimentary management technique used by the group in the present study seems to have contributed effectively as indicated by low Distress and better Quality of life and their dimensions.The importance of stratagem of living in decreasing the Distress and enhancing the Quality of Life has been understood. Many studies have also kept forward their view on the benefits a person could achieve undermentioned Faith based yoga. As mentioned earlier by many of the physicians across the globe, Faith based yoga can be an effective intervention complimenting the allopathy medicine. Therefore, this study can contribute to the exi sting studies supporting this view where people can decrease their Distress and enhance their Quality of life and their dimensions to effectively control Diabetes.Shortcomings and future directionsThe major(ip) shortcoming of this study is the sample size, larger sample would have provided better representation of the characteristics of the population. Another major shortcoming of this study was administering the scales in group (in the Art of living centres), this could have prompted the participants to give socially desirable responses. Future recommendations of this study would be to compare the participants practicing Art of living above 10 years and infra 10 years, this would give more insight on the long term effects of practicing Art of Living. Future research may also be conducted equivalence the impact of various forms of Faith based yoga such as Brahma kumaries, Christian Yoga, Vipasana etc. on type II Diabetic patients. Study would have yielded clearer results if there was a pre and post interventional design. That is measurement of Distress and Quality of Life on participants before they practiced Faith based yoga and after practicing the same for a considerable period of time such as one year or more. This would have yielded a clear effect of faith based yoga. pull ahead research may be conducted in this direction.

Arguments for and Against Abortion Essay -- Christian Bible Religious

Arguments for and Against Abortion An abortion is also known as a termination, meaning to terminate, to shut off. An abortion is when you stop a pregnancy, by removing the foetus from the womb. Many people frown upon abortions, as they see them as the killing of a life. Other people believe that it is a potential life, and that a foetus is not considered to be a child. Some people feel that in a situation where the prospective parents are told their unhatched child may be disabled, an abortion is acceptable. The situation mostly frowned upon is abortion for social reasons e.g. the mother cannot afford to bring up the child, is too young to kick in a child, it is not the right time for having a child. A foetus can be pick outd from the womb by means of abortion, no ulterior than 24 weeks into the pregnancy. This is presently considered to be the point of viability, as after this time, with the use of modern technology, a foetus is capable of survi ving outside the womb. Originally, the point of viability was 28 weeks, but developments in technology have changed this. Doctors consider an abortion to be late if it is after 12 weeks into the pregnancy, as the foetus is more difficult to remove than in the earlier stages of pregnancy. A pregnant woman must find two doctors who will grant permission for an abortion, before one can bespeak place. Both doctors need to agree that the pregnancy would be a risk to the mothers physical or mental state, or cause her or her family injury (a social clause). What the Christian Bible Says ----------------------------- In this section of my essay, I am going to use quotes to show... ...oo young to work full time, they could not bear out a child financially or run a home. They would be unable to provide the child with its basic needs. It may be in some cases of teenage pregnancy, there would be support from parents, and they would help them raise their child. The decision for a young person to have a child, is a actually hard one, as they would need to support of others, in order to be able to raise their child. Because of these factors, I feel that teenagers should have the right to abort their pregnancy. However, I disagree with abortions for some social reasons. Someone who has a decent home, and is able to provide for a child, should not abort their pregnancy, as they should be capable of peak their child. A childs life should not be taken away, just because it is an inconvenience.

Themes in Lord of the Flies Essay -- essays research papers

William Goldnings Lord of the Flies is an allegorical unexampled where literary techniques are utilized to convey the main ideas and themes of the novel. Two important central themes of the novel includes loss of civilization and innocense which tie into the supposition of innate human immoral. Loss of civilization is simply the transition from civilization to savagery order to chaos. The judgment of loss of innocense is a key concept to innate human evil because childhood innocense is disrupted as the group inclineed animals and even up their own. Through the use of literary techniques these ideas are seen in the passage where Simon confronts the Lord of the Flies.The central concern of Lord of the Flies deals with the fall of civilization to the awakening of savagery. The scrap seen in this theme is explored through the dissolution of the young boys well mannered behavior as they accustomed themselves to a wild, barbaric life in the jungle. The concept of innate human evil takes an important role in this theme because as the boys grew more savage the beast that they feared grew within themselves. This innate human evil is the beast that destroys civilization as savagery claimed its position. In the passage the Lord of the flies indicates the presence of the beast within the boys. Fancy thinking the Beast was something you could hunt and kill said the head/You knew, didnt you? Im part of you? Close, close, close Im the reason why its no go? (Pg. 143). To make this point cl...